Camp Stoves

There are many  different kinds of camp stoves, ranging from tiny little fold-up, solid fuel stoves for back packing to large propane fired models capable of supporting meal preparation for dozens of people. 

When most people think of a camp stove, the image of a traditional Coleman stove comes to mind.  The most popular model is a 2-burner version that is compact and yet provides a lot of capability and versatility for campers. The larger, 3-burner model gives even more capacity, but is a little heavier and takes up a little more room in your camp kit.  Coleman style stoves usually run on Coleman Fuel, also known as "white gas".  That is gasoline without any of the additives normally contained in motor vehicle fuel.  A nice option is a "dual fuel"stove that can run on white gas or ordinary regular gasoline.  Regular gasoline is less expensive, more abundant, and in an emergency you could even draw some out of your motor vehicles to run the stove.

You can buy single burner liquid fuel stoves too.  They would be good if you are short of space to carry or store them and don't need to cook in more than one pan at a time.

Single burner butane-powered camp stoves are also available.  They are somewhat smaller and lighter than the Coleman style stoves, usually a little smaller than a brief case.  The butane canister is about the size of a can of spray paint and there is usually room to carry one right inside the stove so it is pretty compact and self-contained.

Camp Chef produces a line of larger, stand-alone propane stoves for supporting meals for larger groups.  They are typically configured to run off a 5 gallon propane tank like you use for your BBQ.   These are larger stoves that come with their own legs and can easily handle very large cooking pots  They also have a variety of options available such as grill/griddles and BBQ boxes.

Both Coleman and Camp Camp Chef portable stainless steel ranges that look like a smaller version of your home stove, complete with oven.  There are two top burners above the oven and the whole thing runs on propane, which can come from a small screw-on canister or a standard 5 gallon propane tank.  Stoves like this can give tent campers about the same cooking facilities as an RV range and oven but they are somewhat bulky and are not cheap, around $250-300 new, making them quite a bit more expensive than a standard Coleman camp stove.  You might find one on ebay.com for under $200.

While all of these are great options for RVers and car campers, they are all too large and too heavy for hikers and back packers.  Smaller propane stoves, sometimes nicknamed "grasshoppers" are single burner stoves that mount to a small fuel cylinder that also becomes a major part of the support for the stove.  Back packers often opt for even smaller butane powered stoves that run on a fuel canister about the size of a can of spray paint.  If that is still too big or heavy to cart around there are tiny little fold-up stoves powered by solid fuel pellets.  These are often small enough to fit in your pocket and the solid fuel pellets are safe and easy to carry.

Some folks use sterno stoves like those used by caterers to heat the large serving pans,  They also make sterno stoves especially for camping.  These are all small, inexpensive, and easy to carry, but for me the cost of sterno fuel makes them less appealing than other options. A 7oz can of sterno will last about 2 hours and cost about $7!  Sterno stoves can be used indoors, but as with any flame driven device, make sure you have adequate ventilation to avoid suffocation.

Boat stoves.  Some, but not all, camp stoves are suitable for use on boats.   For use on a boat you want a stove with safe fuel and with pot retainers to keep pots from sliding off the stove when the boat rocks.  Alcohol stoves are often preferred for boats for safety reasons.  Propane is heavier than air and any leaks will accumulate in the bilge, giving the potential for an explosion.

There are many types of camping stoves available so you should be able to find one (or more) to meet your camping needs.  I always try to have at least one butane single burner and one Coleman 2 burner stove in my inventory to address various situations.  I also have a large, 30,000 BTU Camp Chef 2-burner stove with grill/griddle and BBQ box I can haul around in my motorcycle trailer to support large groups.

Camp stoves cook!

Tent Camping Gear Storage

You will probably store your tent camping gear in your garage, basement, or a shed.  If you live in apartment you may have to stuff it in a closet or under a bed.  Wherever you choose to store it, the area should be clean, well organized, easily accessible, and secure.   If possible, keep all your camping gear in one secure location.  You may need to store your stove, lantern and fuel separately in a well-ventilated outside shed for safety reasons.  Never store anything with fuel in it in or adjacent to a living space.  That includes gas cans, propane cylinders, and lanterns and stoves with residual fuel.

Organize your camping gear in plastic tubs to protect it from dust, pests, and weather and to make it easy to find, transport, and use.  I like to use translucent tubs so I can see a little of what is inside.  I also find it useful to label each tub with its contents using a Magic Marker or adhesive labels.  Most storage tubs have recessed lids so they stack nicely on top of each other without sliding around a lot. How you organize your stuff is up to you.  Make it easy on yourself.  Sometimes soft-sided suitcases or duffle bags may fit more easily in limited spaces.  Here are some general suggestions if you don't know where to start:

Put all your galley/kitchen stuff together in one or two tubs or bags.  I use one for big stuff like pots and pans and a second one for smaller stuff like plates, utensils, pot holders, measuring cups, spices, lighters, etc.  You will want to put foodstuffs in a separate tub also.  Put all your cleaning supplies in a separate tub.  That way, if any bottle leaks, it won't spoil anything but other cleaning stuff and won't contaminate your cookware or pollute your food.  Be aware that some cleaning solutions may interact with each other so take care not to store potentially reactive items together.  Ammonia and bleach come immediately to mind as when combined they will toxic fumes, mostly chlorine gas.  Choline gas can cause severe problems but usually isn't fatal if treated.

Sleeping bags should NOT be stored all tightly rolled up.   It compresses the filling and makes them rather useless.   I learned that the hard way.  I had left my cold weather bag tightly rolled after a back packing trip and the next time I tried to use it I about froze!   When I felt it and held it up to the light, I could barely find anything left of the filling.  I it was like having just two very thin sheets of nylon to protect me!  If you have someplace you can hang them, that is one of the best ways to store them.  If not, fold them loosely and store them in plastic tubs to keep them safe from moisture, dust, and pests or stuff them in a "stuff sack".  Even though packing them into a stuff sack compresses the filling somewhat, the random way it is packed and looser environment is less damaging than when it is tightly rolled.   If possible, it is a good idea to hang sleeping bags so they can air out and the fill can expand.  At least do this for a day or so before you store them if you don't have a safe place to hang them between trips.  Putting them through a warm cycle in a clothes dryer with a few tennis balls can also help restore loft as well as removing any residual moisture.

Tents often come with their own storage bags and those should be sufficient for most storage needs.  Sometimes it is hard to get a tent back into its original bag.  In that case you might pick up a larger duffle bag from a sporting goods store, military surplus store, or even a thrift store.   Keep all the parts together -- tent, poles, pegs, ropes, rain fly.  Also keep any tools you need to erect the tent with the tent.  I usually keep a hammer or mallet and a pry bar with mine.  The hammer is, obviously, needed to drive the pegs and the pry bar makes it a lot easier getting them out when the time comes. Another trick for pulling tent pegs is to grab the tent and the loop so you can get a good grip.  Then pull the peg straight out of the ground.   If is was driven at an angle, pull it out at the same angle.   Exercise caution when doing this or you are likely to tear the loops or the tent.  A tent peg removal tool can also be useful.  It has a hook on one end to lock onto the peg and a handle on the other, allowing you to stand up and use the strength of your legs to pull the pegs out of the ground.  I have some other tools and accessories I keep with my tent: a small broom or whisk broom (for sweeping out the tent daily), a battery powered lantern, and a small rug or welcome mat.   Since these are all part of my tent set up, I like to keep them all with the tent.  If you use a tent heater, store it with your tent too, if you can.  It doesn't have to be in the same duffle bag, but putting next to it on the shelf will keep it handy.   Keep in mind the heater may contain residual fuel or fumes and for safety reasons, should be stored in a well-ventilated area separate from any structure connected to your living area.

Camping tools should all be kept together in a convenient tool box, duffle bag, plastic tub or crate.   If you have a lot of stuff, you may need to break it down into to multiple containers to make it easier to handle.   Better to have two smaller tool boxes than one big one that is too heavy to move. Always clean and inspect your tools before putting them into storage.  Not only will this help prevent rust and corrosion, it will help you check for damage and provide an inventory control to ensure everything is ready for your next trip.  Unfortunately, things sometimes tend to disappear on camping trips and its always better to discover it sooner rather than later so you can replace missing items before you need them.

Camp clothing will probably need to be laundered before it goes back into storage.  Anything that doesn't normally live in your regular closet or dresser, should be neatly folded and stored in well-marked plastic tubs.   An exception might be rain coats or other long coats that you might want to hang up in plastic zipper bags.

Camp stoves and heaters are mostly self-contained or come in their own cases.  Traditional Coleman style gas stoves are self-storing within the main structure of the stove.  If you have an oven or toaster you use with your camp stove, store it with the stove.  You might find a small briefcase, duffle bag, or suitcase that will fit your collapsed oven and toaster, making it easy to keep everything together and easy to store and transport.   Because your gas stove probably contains unused fuel or fumes, store your stoves only in a well-ventilated area outside of your living space.  Propane stoves are pretty safe to store anywhere once the propane cylinder is removed and properly stored.

Camp lanterns, with their glass globes and silk-ash mantles, can be quite fragile.  There are special carrying cases made for many of the Colman gas lanterns and you'll find them well worth the investment.   Lacking one, wrap your lantern in an old towel and put it in a plastic tub that is just big enough to hold it and any related items, like spare mantles, spare generators, lighters, etc.   Make sure it is ventilated so any fumes that may leak from the lantern don't accumulate in the container.  Store your gas lanterns only in a well-ventilated area away from your living space.  Like propane stoves, propane lanterns can be stored inside once the propane cylinder is removed and safely stored.  Most currently available lantern cases are plastic clamshells that surround the lantern.  I kind of like the older steel cases because they are more square and fit in storage areas better.  Not all lanterns are the same size and shape.  Make sure any case you buy will fit your lantern.  Speaking of lantern storage, I found the "accessory safe" that clamps to the base of Coleman lanterns a good place to store spare mantles, generators, and the wrench that came with my lanterns so they're always handy.

Camping fuels need to be stored safely in a well ventilated area.  They should only be stored in approved containers.  Never put fuel into an any old plastic jug!  Many plastics will be eaten up by the fuel.   Don't believe it?   Pour a few ounces of gasoline in a styrofoam cup for an accelerated demonstration.  Be sure the cup is sitting in a leak-proof metal pan because within seconds, the cup will have dissolved and the gasoline will be going everywhere!  Plastic gasoline containers are made of special materials that are impervious to gasoline and are safe for transporting and storing gasoline, but old milk jugs, water bottles, and bleach containers are not safe. They won't melt immediately like styrofoam, but they will deteriorate over a fairly short time, allowing fuel to leak out.  If, in an emergency, you must transport gasoline in an unapproved container, use an old oil bottle or jug. Those have at least some resistance to petroleum products.   Don't store fuel inside your home, not even in your basement or garage.  Any leak that might develop from improper storage, abuse, or accident, and release fumes that could be explosive.  Storing fuel in an attached garage isn't a good idea.  Better to keep it an an outside storage building away from your residence.   Storing it in a detached garage reduces the risk to your home, but may place vehicles and other contents of the garage at risk.   Water heaters are often located in garages and basements and can be a source of ignition for any fumes that escape from improperly stored fuel.  Water heaters installed in garages are placed on elevated platforms to keep the igniters above the level where leaking gas normally accumulates.  Fumes are VERY dangerous.  If you fill an open 1 gallon can to the top with gasoline and drop a match into, the match will go out.  But if you put about an inch of gas in the bottom of the can, then drop in the match, the fumes on top will explode violently!  I read about a guy who left an acetylene tank for his welder in the trunk of his Mercedes.  Apparently the valve wasn't tightly closed.  About 3:00 am the electric clock way up in the dashboard created enough of a spark to ignite errant fumes that had accumulated in the trunk and seeped into the passenger compartment and the resulting explosion destroyed his garage and knocked out windows for a 3 block radius!  On another occasion a flight line worker at an air base spilled jet fuel on his coveralls.  He wisely went to the line shack to change but once inside  got distracted watching some other works on break playing cards.  The fumes from his wet coveralls filled the room until they reached the flash point and were ignited by the heater, blowing the entire shack and everyone in it to smitherines.  If you fill a #10 can to the top with gasoline and toss in a match, the match will go out.  If you put a little gasoline in the bottom of the can and toss in a match, the fumes will ignite with explosive force!  The flash point is different for each kind of fuel and sometimes low enough that you can't smell the fumes before they reach the ignition point.

Many storage areas, such as sheds, garages, and basements, may subject your gear to an accumulation of dust over time.  If this is the case where you are storing your equipment, cover it with a tarp or put individual items or containers in plastic trash bags to protect them from the dust. When it comes time to use your equipment again, it will be a lot easier to remove the dusty tarps or bags than to clean the equipment or their individual containers.  The dusty bags may be cleaned and reused or discarded and new ones used when equipment is put back in storage.   Either way, dealing with the dusty plastic bags will be easier and faster than letting your gear become contaminated in storage and having to clean it before you can use it again. Y ou might even want to put covers over your plastic bins so you don't have to spend time cleaning them before a trip.

Organization is a key to having things ready to use when you need them -- for your next camping trip or as emergency supplies.  A good suggestion to follow is to keep related things together.  Store sleeping bags, blankets, cots, and sleeping pads near each other.  Put all your tents and canopies in one place.  Put lanterns and flashlights in close proximity to each other.   Store all your kitchen and cleaning supplies together.   First aid kits and other medical supplies should be together.  Wood cutting tools, like axes, saws, and wedges should be grouped .  Coats, jackets, and other camp clothing should be grouped in plastic bins or stored hanging in plastic protectors.  The flimsy little plastic covers you get back with dry cleaning are better than nothing, but I prefer to use suit bags or heavy contractor rated garbage bags for optimum protection.

If you don't have good space in your garage or basement consider purchasing a small enclosed trailer for your camping gear.  The trailer can be used both to transport your gear to camp and to store it at home.  We snagged an old stripped down Apache tent trailer to tote our camping gear.  It has a clam-shell roof that provides excellent protection from weather and rather good security. We have found it a good place to keep our camping gear year round, freeing up space in the garage for other things and being ready at a moment's notice for spontaneous outings.

Long term storage.  When putting your stuff in storage for winter you'll want to make some special preparations to ensure it will be in good condition when you take it out again next season.   Make sure your tent is clean and dry.   Unpack sleeping bags and hang them out or fold them loosely to avoid over-compressing the loft and destroying the insulation.  Empty fuel from stoves and lanterns. Remove any provisions that might freeze or leak.  Place all dry ingredients in pest-proof/leak-proof plastic containers.  Make sure all your gear clean and in good repair.   Discard any outdated provisions and medications.Sharpen axes and knives and rub a light coat of oil on them and other metal parts to inhibit rust and corrosion.  Rub a little linseed oil on wooden handles to help preserve them as well.

OHV Storage

Most OHVs are seasonal.  That being the case, you'll end up storing them for at least part of the year.   Snowmobiles aren't much good when the snow melts.   Jet skis aren't much fun when the lake is frozen.  Dirt bikes and ATVs don't get much use in the winter.  4WD ATVs fare better in 4-season use, but most of us still park them during the cold winter months except when we use them to plow snow from our driveways.

Before putting a vehicle into storage, thoroughly wash and dry your toy, drain the fuel from the tank, then run the engine until the fuel in the fuel system is exhausted.  This will prevent fuel residue from clogging the jets in the carburetor or injectors.  Change the oil and filter.   If the engine is liquid cooled, make sure the coolant is freeze protected with the correct antifreeze mix.  Antifreeze also protects against corrosion so it is important even in mild climates.  For wheeled vehicles, check the tire pressure.  Put wooden blocks or pads under tires to eliminate contact with dirt and minimize deterioration.   Remove batteries and store them in a heated storage area so they won't freeze.  Apply a light coating of oil such as WD40 to exposed metal surfaces (like drive chains) to reduce rust and corrosion during storage.   Don't over do it.  You don't want to accumulate lots of dust either.  Store your toys in a protected area -- inside a garage or shed if possible.   If they must be stored outside, cover them with a cover designed for the purpose.  Proper covers are designed to fit the machine and are made of materials that breathe and won't damage the finish.  As a last resort you can cover them with a tarp.  However, tarps won't breath so condensation may build up underneath the tarp.  They also tend to have a rather abrasive surface that can damage paint and plastic parts if the wind rubs it on them.   You might be able to protect the finish on your toy by covering it with an old blanket underneath the tarp, but the blanket might soak up condensation dripping from the tarp.  Make sure any cover is securely anchored so it doesn't blow off.  If your toys are stored outside you may want to secure them with cables or chains and locks to prevent theft.   If they are stored in a garage or shed you may want to cover them so they aren't easily seen by passers-by through the windows or when the doors are open and to protect them from accumulating dust.  "Security by obscurity" is a valid means of protecting your property.

Stow it!

RV Storage

Unless you are living in your RV full time, you're going to need a place to store it when it is not in use.   And even if you are living it, there are it is good to protect it against the elements.  Storing it at your home is the usually the most convenient and secure place for it but even if you have room for it some communities have restrictions on parking your RV on the street and some even restrict parking it on your own property.  You can usually park your RV in front of your house or in your driveway for a day or two at a time to prepare for or clean up after a trip.  The CC&Rs for your property may also include restrictions so be sure to check into that before spending a pile of cash to build RV access or storage.  I've seen CC&Rs that even prohibit storing a recreational vehicle, like a van camper, tent trailer or even a boat in your garage!   The justification?  To maintain property values.   Yeah, like having a $100,000 RV beside your garage is going to bring down the neighborhood!

If live where you get freezing winter weather, you will still need to winterize it to prevent freeze damage  -- unless you store it in a heated garage. If your RV is equipped for winter use and you have access to shore power where it is stored, you may be able to get by without winterizing your water systems.  Be sure everything is properly insulated and heated to prevent any freeze damage and monitor the status.   If power is lost or a bulb you are using to heat an external compartment burns out, serious damage may occur if you don't catch and correct it quickly.  Better safe than sorry, so if you live where it freezes, winterize your fresh water system and holding tanks to prevent damage.

Commercial storage facilities are available in most communities where you can store an RV for a monthly fee.  A properly operated facility will include some kind of security but they will still not assume any liability for your vehicle and miscreants may still jump the fence and wreak havoc.  Make sure your own insurance will cover any theft or damage that might occur while it is in storage. The standard 12-volt converter on most RVs does not work well as a battery charger.  More expensive converters or inverters, with multi-stage chargers WILL keep your batteries charged.  If you don't have a built-in multi-stage charger, invest in a maintenance chargers like a Battery Tender.   A simple trickle charger may help, but won't sense and condition batteries like a multi-stage charger will.   Most storage yards will not have electrical service for you to plug your RV into.  You may need to stop by and run the engine or generator or take it for a drive once a month or so.  Driving it once a month is also beneficial to tires and keeping seals and other parts lubricated.

If you have the option to store your RV on your property, you can save the cost of renting storage elsewhere and your vehicle will be convenient for maintenance, trip preparation and cleanup and upgrades.   You can plug it in a day or so before each trip to cool the fridge and take your time loading provisions.  You can install maintenance battery chargers and leave it plugged in all the time to keep the batteries charged while in storage.   You will have it handy if you need it for an emergency shelter or as a spare room for visitors.

Whenever you put your RV into storage, make sure the holding tanks are empty and the batteries are fully charged.  If you store it at home you may be able to connect to shore power and install maintenance chargers to keep your batteries in peak condition.  If you don't have maintenance chargers or don't have access to shore power, disconnect the batteries so there is no extra drain on them during storage.  Many modern appliances have components that draw a small amount of electric current even when not in use.  Disconnecting the batteries, either by installing a battery disconnect or removing one of the cables, prevents these parasitic draws from running down your batteries.  Even without anything connected, 12-volt batteries will loose about 1.5% of their charge each month.   In cold weather remove the batteries and store them indoors if you can.  Turn of the propane at the main valve on the tank(s) and make sure all appliances are shut off.  Empty the fridge and clean it thoroughly.   I like to use a window cleaner with ammonia to sanitize the inside of the fridge.  Then leave the refrigerator door(s) slightly open.   This will help avoid the growth of mold and mildew in the fridge.  You don't want to open up your RV for your next trip and find the "Thing From The Swamp" oozing out of your fridge!   Give your whole unit a good cleaning, inside and out.   Any leftover food scraps inside may attract bugs and varmints.   Remove all perishable foodstuffs and any medicines and other provisions that might be adversely affected by temperature swings while the unit is in storage.   If you are storing it for the winter in a cold climate, winterize the water system to prevent freezing of pipes, holding tanks, and fixtures.   If you are storing it in a mild climate for a short time until your next trip, empty and flush the holding tanks and add chemicals as necessary.   Fill your fresh water tank.  It is a good idea to drain and flush the hot water heater periodically too.  I don't do mine after every trip, but if you have been on an extended trip, say a week or more, or have accumulated 7-10 days camping since the last time you drained and flushed it, it wouldn't hurt to flush it before putting the unit into storage.   Be sure to refill the hot water heater when you fill you fresh water tank -- unless you are winterizing the vehicle.  Then you'll want to leave it empty. Otherwise you'll have to wait while you pump 6-10 gallons of precious fresh water into the empty water heater.  I like to top off my fuel (engine fuel and propane) after each trip so my RV is ready to roll for spontaneous outings or if called into service as a Disaster Recovery Vehicle.  Full tanks also reduce condensation and moisture from contaminated fuels.

Close all the windows and doors and vents.  You don't want dust or snow blowing in.   Don't forget the roof vents.  Make sure all locks are secure.   For extra security on sliding windows you can put a dowel in the lower track to keep the window from being opened or you can buy little clamps that screw onto the lower track to lock the window.  These measures won't stop a determined thief, who
will just break the window, but they can deter some "crimes of opportunity".   You may not have to make your RV 100% secure to avoid getting robbed.  All you may have to do is make it harder to get into than the one next to it so yours is a less attractive target for would be thieves!

Protecting your RV from the elements as well as you can is always a good idea.  The ideal situation is to store your RV in its own garage or shed so it is completely out of the elements.  This option is often cost prohibitive.  As a minimum you should invest in tire covers to reduce weather checking.  With the relatively limited use most RVs get, most RV tires age out long before they wear out. It is a painful and expensive process to throw away tires with plenty of tread and spend hundreds or thousands of dollars for new ones because they've gotten too old and started to weather check.  I've seen RV tires where the cracks in the sidewalls were wider and deeper than the grooves in the tread, definitely an unsafe condition!  Badly cracked tires are likely to blow out, perhaps causing damage to the surround fender well and any nearby cabinets or even causing the driver to loose control and get in an accident.  Tire covers or even storing your RV in a garage won't totally eliminate aging and weather checking, but it will slow it down.   Tire covers aren't terribly expensive nor difficult to install.  Most are made of vinyl and have elastic built in to the circumference to snug them around the tire when installed.  Some require ties or anchors to ensure they don't blow off in windy conditions.   It is always a good idea to secure your tire covers even if they have strong elastic borders.  I've seen owners cut shields from styrofoam insulation panels or plywood to tuck into the wheel wells to shade their tires.  This is certainly better than nothing and protects the tires from their worst enemy:  direct sunlight.  But it doesn't protect them against ozone in the air, which also accelerates deterioration. Ozone may be higher than normal if your RV is stored under or near high voltage power lines.

Standard sized full RV covers can be obtained off the shelf to fit most RVs for a few hundred dollars.   For a little more you can have a custom cover made to your exact specifications.   Custom covers usually include zipper doors to allow you to get to the RV doors conveniently without having to remove or crawl under the cover.  Over time you will recoup the cost of your RV cover in reduced fading of paint, decals, and upholstery and reduced tire damage.   Not to mention the time saved in cleaning and detailing your rig when you take it out of storage.  RV covers protect more than your tires.  They shield the paint, decals, and interior from sunlight.  The cover should be 'breathable' to allow humidity that condenses inside to evaporate.   It should also be soft inside so it doesn't mar the RV surface.  That is why just covering your RV with a farm tarp isn't such a good idea.  If that is your only choice, try buffering the tarp so it stays away from the surface of the RV. Use up-side-down plastic totes on the roof to lift it up.  Plastic pillows or rubber balls can be used to space it away from the corners and side walls.  You can also tie the bott om of the tarp down a few feet away from the RV perimeter to help keep it away from the side walls. Tent pegs can be driven into the ground to anchor the tarp.  If you are parking on a paved surface, you might fill empty bleach or milk jugs with water and tie them to the tarp grommets to help hold it down.  If you are in a climate with freezing temperatures, fill the jugs with an appropriate antifreeze solution or they will freeze and split.  Then, they'll leak on the first warm day and your anchors will be useless and your cover will blow away. Make sure your awnings are clean and dry before you store your RV.  Moisture trapped inside may foster mold and mildew that will turn them into rather nasty science experiments before your next trip.  This applies to bag awnings as well as permanently mounted models.   If your RV is going to stored for any extended period of time, say more than month, try to take the load off the tires -- put it on blocks.  If you don't put it up on blocks and it is parked on pavement, place wooden pads under the tires.  Pieces of exterior plywood work well as do scraps of 2x6 or 2x8 lumber.   You'll need a piece of 2x6 or 2x8 about 1' long for each tire.  Never park just one of dual tires on a block.  Make sure both tires are on the same level.  Bevel one end of the block so it is easier to drive up onto the blocks without scooting them out of the way.

Moisture in the air can cause problems in the interior.   If you have shore power, hooking up a 60-100 watt incandescent light bulb inside might help reduce condensation.   Condensation can cause odors and foster mold or mildew.  Another easy solution is to leave one or more moisture absorbing devices inside.   These are usually plastic jars containing material that readily absorbs moisture. You'll need to check them periodically and replace them when they fill with water.  I was pleasantly surprised when I found some of these at my local dollar store (Dollar Tree).   Unfortunately, they don't carry them all year long, so if you see them grab them when you can.  Fortunately, they usually do show up in the early fall, in time for winter storage.  They should keep for several months if the seal isn't broken.  Once you break the seal they go to work, absorbing moisture from the air.  They are usually with the closet accessories.  Even though I've mostly lived in desert areas with low humidity, I have been surprised by how much liquid accumulates in these devices over a couple of months.  There are also electric or electronic dehumidifiers, but they are a little pricey and you have to have -- and pay -- for power to run them so I like the chemical canisters, especially when I can get them for just a buck each!

Store it!

Window Insulation for Campers

Those big picture windows in our RVs let us enjoy the great outdoors from the comfort of our coaches, but they also allow heat transfer that makes our units hotter in summer and colder in winter. But there is a cure.  Actually there are several to choose from.

Luxury units sometimes have double-pane windows like newer homes to reduce heat transfer but many RVs, especially older or entry level models, will have only single pane windows.   Single pane glass is fairly good at conducting heat.  Just touch a single pane window on a cold day!   Double pane windows have two sheets of glass separated by a sealed section of inert gas, creating a "dead air space" inside.  They conduct far less heat, keeping your RV cooler in summer and warmer in winter. Upgrading your windows to dual-pane would be an expensive proposition -- IF you could even match up the size of your windows.  What can you do about that?  There are several feasible options you can explore.

The simplest and least expensive option is to make sure you take advantage of whatever window coverings you already have.  Keep drapes, curtains, shades or blinds closed to retain heat in winter and keep it outside in summer. I n summer take advantage of natural shade to keep your RV cooler.  In winter, park in full sun to absorb as much heat as possible, basking the the light of a hydrogen fusion furnace 93 million miles away (the Sun). Y ou might be surprised how much just using your curtains or shades will help maintain a comfortable temperature inside your RV.   If your window treatments are in need of repair, consider replacing them with versions with better insulating qualities, such as replacing thin curtains with heavy, insulated drapes or sturdy day-night shades.

A semi-permanent winter fix is to add a plastic "storm window" covering to the outside (or possibly inside) of your windows, partially simulating double pane windows.  The plastic won't be as thick as glass and and the "dead air space" between it and the window won't be as well sealed (there are "weep" holes in the bottom frame of most RV windows) or as effective as the inert gas chamber in a double pane window so it won't work quite as well, but it will help.  Dual pane windows are completely sealed and contain an inert gas to enhance their insulating qualities.   Plastic film storm window insulation kits can be purchased at hardware stores and home centers.  You cut the plastic film to fit your window, install the included sticky strips to hold it in place, stretch it over the outside frame, then warm it with a heat gun or hair dryer to shrink it so it fits tightly and securely.   I have not yet tried this option myself but I have heard is is quite effective and the science behind it is sound.  I have concerns about how fragile the tightly stretched plastic might be to flying debris and whether it would stand up to freeway speeds without coming off.   This is primarily an option for cold weather since it interferes with opening the windows for fresh air in warm weather.  I recently purchased several plastic storm window kits so I can try them out, but haven't gotten around to it yet, but, as I said before, the science is sound, so it is worth a try.

A simple and convenient solution to excessive summer heat is "solar" film.   It also adds a measure of privacy as long as it is brighter outside than inside.  Having it professionally installed can be quite expensive but you get crystal clear tinted windows.  You can install it yourself if you have the patience. tools, and skill.  You must clean the windows very thoroughly, including the tracks around them to avoid getting any dust or dirt under the film.   Cut the film slightly larger than the glass area of the window.  The film sticks to itself very well so you need take care to apply it directly to the glass  Start at the top and then slowly peel the backing away as you work your way to the bottom.  Spray the film with water and use a small squeegee to carefully smooth the film.  Work from the center toward the edges to avoid getting bubbles in the film.  If you end up with small bubbles you can't squeegee out, carefully prick each one with a pin to allow the air to escape as you squeegee them flat.  Then trim the edges with a razor knife or single edge razor blade.  Solar film, either reflective or "limo tint" will block a lot of the sunlight entering your vehicle, reducing heat and protecting interior surfaces from sun damage.   The film also functions as partial privacy panels as long as it is darker inside your RV than it is outside.  Some states have restrictions on how dark window tinting can be on front side windows and it should never be added to windshields, except perhaps a strip a few inches tall along the very top as a sun shade.

My personal favorite is another easy, inexpensive, easy, and effective solution:  double reflective bubble/foam insulation.  You can buy Reflectix and other brands at hardware stores and home centers in rolls from 10' to 100' and widths of 2' or 4'.  You can then cut panels to fit each window and insert them behind the existing window coverings.  A 48" x 10' roll is usually under $25. A 25' roll, if you can find them, is between $40 and $50.  Cut the panels just slightly larger than the opening so they will fit tightly.  This helps them stay in place and mostly seals the opening to limit the circulation of air from between the insulation and the glass.  In addition to controlling heat transfer they are also very effective at blocking unwanted light.  The reflective quality combined with the insulation value will help you maintain the desired temperature in your RV year round.  In the summer it will keep things cooler, reducing the load on your air conditioner and generator and making you more comfortable.  In winter, it will retain heat, conserving propane and keeping you cozy.  I have used this option in my RVs for many years with very satisfactory results.  In fact, when I get new RV, it is one of the very first additions I make.   I even use it in windows at home for room darkening and, in winter, to conserve heat.  At first I just used auto windshield covers in my RV but now I buy Reflectix in bulk rolls.  Auto windshield covers are good option, especially if can get them at good price.   I sometimes find them at my local dollar store!   Reflectix is heavier so it provides more insulation and being stiffer it stays in place better.   It can be easily cut to fit any window. It rolls up for easy storage or you can lay the panels flat on a bed or slide them down behind the sofa.  When I had a Class A with a pull-down bunk over the front seats, I found that was an excellent place to store the window panels during travel.   When putting Reflectix in windows, for maximum benefit, don't push it up tight against the glass. You want to leave a little air space between the insulation and the glass.  If the Reflectix is in contact with the glass heat could be conducted directly between the Reflectix and the glass.   The insulation itself has an R-value just slightly greater than R1.  Leaving some air space between the insulation and the glass can significantly boost the R-value.  For comparison, the R-value of the 3" fiberglass insulation in your residence is R-13.   Much of that insulating value comes from "dead air space" created by the insulation.  So why not just leave the walls empty?  Insulation almost eliminates convection that would draw heat from he inside of the walls as well as reducing heat transfer.  Foam panels help keep heat out in summer and in in winter -- and function as privacy panels.  I use foam inserts in all my windows year round, removing them only when I want to see out or open the window for ventilation.  The reflective quality reflects heat (from the outside in summer and back into the living space in winter) beyond the insulation value.  Reflectix can be used on RV windshields that are too big for auto sun shades or you can buy special RV windhshield sun screens that will cover that huge expanse.  Since windshields are single thickness glass, even in new luxury motorhomes, blocking sunlight beating down through that huge expanse will make an immediate and significant difference in solar heating of your motorhome.  You can often feel the difference as you put the shade in place.

Interior insulation panels.   A reader of this blog suggested window insulation panels from Advanced Energy Panels.  This is certainly an option worth looking into.   They are custom made panels that essentially are internal storm windows, turning ordinary windows into something close to dual pane windows.  Unlike Reflectix, they are clear so they don't block the view.  Since they don't block sunlight, the won't be as helpful at keeping the interior cool in summer as Reflectix and won't control light intrusion or add privacy but might do a better job of keeping the heat in when you want it and out when you don't.

Most RV window frames are pretty well sealed but over time they may begin to get loose and develop drafts.   Make sure all the mounting screws are tight and the butyl sealing tape around the frame is in good condition.   The best solution to damaged sealing tape is to remove the window and re-seal it with fresh butyl tape but in a pinch you can seal windows with DAP or even silicone.  Besides drafts, loose windows can allow rain or snow melt in too, so you want to always keep them tightly sealed.  If you look closely, you'll find "weep holes" in the lower channel of RV windows. These are designed to allow condensation that drips from the windows to escape to the outside instead of overflowing and running down the inside walls.  You might get a tiny draft through these openings, but well-placed Reflectix inserts will mitigate air flow.  Even though it may be tempting to seal those weep holes to prevent dust and drafts from entering your RV, it really isn't a good idea. Without them condensation will drip into the channels and overflow down inside walls if it doesn't have anyplace else to go.  Not only will this cause unsightly marks on the wall, it can create a damp environment that fosters dry rot, mold, and mildew.

OK, what about tent windows?   Not sure that tent windows lose any more heat than tent walls since both are pretty thin.  That being said, what can you do to reduce heat loss in your tent?  First, if it has rain fly, make sure it is in good condition and properly installed.  Some folks sew an additional "skirt" onto the rain fly so it comes almost all the way to the ground to help keep snow and cold air from blowing up under the fly in winter weather.  If it doesn't have a rain fly, covering it with a tarp may help.   Protecting the tent itself from direct exposure to the elements will minimize unwanted heat transfer.   You might use Reflectix or a similar foam/bubble foil insulation inside your tent or between the tent and the rain fly to keep you warmer in winter and cooler in summer.  It can be bulky to carry around so it isn't an option for back packing but you might find it useful when car camping. Using it under your sleeping bags can help keep you up off snow or frozen ground and having it all around you will reflect a lot of your body heat back instead of letting it leak out through the thin tent walls.   Even though it is only a fraction of an inch thick, it is still many times thicker and provides many times more insulation than even the heaviest tent fabric.   And, of course, make sure your windows and zippers are in good repair so they seal properly to keep out rain, snow, and drafts.

Stay comfortable!

Care and Repair of Interior RV Doors

Interior RV doors, on closets, cabinets, and bathrooms, may require maintenance or repairs from time to time.  For example, if you update the flooring in your RV or replace the carpet, bathroom and closet doors that cleared the original flooring might drag on the new material.  The carpet in our Class A motorhome had been replaced shortly before we bought it but the owner had failed to trim the bathroom door.  The door dragged on the carpet, leaving wear marks and making it somewhat harder than it should be to open and close the door.  If you encounter a similar problem, it is a simple fix. Remove the door by taking out the screws that fasten the hinges to the wall.   There will probably 2 or 3 hinges with a total of 4 to 6 screws.  The screw heads might be Phillips #2 or clutch head (square drive).  A proper tip in an electric drill/driver will make removal and re-installation much quicker and easier.   You might want to have someone hold the door while you remove the screws so it doesn't fall on you or something else in the RV.    If it comes loose unexpectedly it may split the frame where the remaining screws mount.  You don't want any collateral damage.  If the door isn't secured as you remove the screws it may twist the last hinge or rip the screws out of the wall.   Depending on how tightly the door drags -- or how much higher your new flooring is than the old, mark the bottom of the door for how much needs to be cut off.   If it is simply dragging on the carpet, 1/4 inch is probably about the right amount for your first cut.  If it still drags you can always cut off more but if you cut off too much, you can't put it back!  If you should cut off too much, it probably isn't a major catastrophe.  A little extra ventilation at the bottom of a bathroom door is not necessarily a bad thing. It will allow more fresh air into the bathroom to vent moisture and odors.  You may need some kind of shim or lever (or a helper) to hold the door in place while you reinstall the screws.  If you don't want to cut the door, you may be able to raise it up by simply re-screwing the hinges higher on the wall where it mounts if it isn't already too close to the ceiling and doesn't fit inside the door frame.   Many RV bathroom doors fit outside the door opening.   I considered rising the door when fixing the bathroom door in my motorhome but was concerned that adding more screw holes so close to the originals might cause the wood to split since they would be so close to the old holes.  Trimming the door is usually the best solution.

Cabinet door problems.  The most common problem with cabinet doors is damaged catches so the door doesn't stay closed.  Try to replace the worn/broken catch with the same style.  On older RVs you may have trouble finding matching catches.  If that happens, get the closest thing you can find at your local RV or hardware store.   Any friction catch will probably do if it fits the door and cabinet.  I haven't had good luck with magnetic catches on RV cabinets.  They just don't provide a positive enough lock to keep doors from coming open on rough roads.  Some cabinets with top hinged doors have pneumatic struts that help hold them open and closed.   Sometimes the screws holding the struts will pull out.  You can usually fix this problem by pushing a piece of wooden stick match or toothpick into the hole and replacing the screw.   If that doesn't work, there are kits to repair holes for wood screws.  They consist of a hand auger that hollows out the hole to accept a wooden cone.  You glue the wooden cone in place and when the glue is dry, simply drill a pilot hole of the appropriate size in the cone and reinstall the screw.   Broken or missing struts can be easily and inexpensively replaced.  I think the last time I had to replace some, they came in a package of 2 for under $5.   It takes only a few minutes to replace a strut using only common hand tools.  If your RV doesn't have struts you might even want to add them if the cabinet doors are hinged at the top.  The struts will hold the door open while you access the cabinet.

Broken or damaged doors can be difficult to match if you have to replace them.  Depending on the location and type of damage, you may be able to clamp and glue the door back together.  You might need to add steel brackets to reinforce damaged seams or corners.  Put them on the inside, out of sight, if you can. If you have to replace a door and cannot find a matching replacement, go for something complementary or contrasting rather than a "close match".  Minor variations in style or color will stand out, making the repair unsightly and possibly reducing potential resale value.  If you can't match a door you are replacing, do something different with it.  Put a framed mirror on it or cover it with a wall covering or picture or paneling.  Or paint it a glossy solid color that complements your RV interior after it has been repaired.  If you already have black appliances, a black door may blend in well.  You might disguise small holes in doors using decorative covers or finding innovative ways to make use of the damage.  You can often use ordinary crayons to fill small holes.  I once installed a clock using an unwanted larger hole as the mounting hole for the center and the hands and adding plastic, stick-on numbers around the cabinet face.  You can buy an inexpensive clock kit at just about any craft and hobby store.   Sometimes, for cosmetic purposes, you might want to swap the broken door with another one of the same size and style in a less obvious location and put the unmatched replacement door in the less obtrusive spot.

Sticking or squeaking doors  can sometimes be fixed by oiling the hinges.  Using a dry lubricant or RV silicone lubricant will avoid messy drips and stains that might result from using regular oil.  If lubrication doesn't work, the door is probably binding or dragging somewhere.   If the door is binding somewhere you may have to adjust the hinges or catch to alleviate the problem.  Bent or loose hinges may be the problem.  If so, you might be able to remove the hinges and straighten them in a vice or on an anvil.   If you can't straighten them so they operate smoothly you'll have to replace them. You might be able to get matching hinges from an RV store or a junk yard.  If not, get the closest you can from your local hardware store or home center.   Pay careful attention to the offset if the old hinges have one to make sure the door fits correctly.  A correct offset is more important than cosmetic matching.  You may able to paint unmatching hardware to make it look better.  If a door is dragging on the carpet, remove the door and trim about 1/4" off the bottom or raise the door by unscrewing the hinges from the frame and re-installing them a bit higher.   If you can't match the hardware, one option is to replace all the hardware on all the doors so its all the same.

Automatic lighting is a nice feature in many RV closets and even some cabinets.   Over time, the wiring may become loose or the switches may wear out. Y u may be able to fix loose wiring connections by merely crimping the connectors gently with pliers and pushing them back on their proper terminals.  Worn out switches can be replaced.  Take care to match up functional part of the switches (e.g., how they mount, how they are operated by the door).  Once installed you will have to adjust the switches to achieve proper operation. Since you can't see inside the closet when it is closed, you might need to have a child hide in the closet and monitor the light for you.   If that isn't an option, try making it as dark as possible outside the closet (or check it at night) so you can look for light "leaking" around the edges of the door.  Closet lights that don't go off can drain your house batteries surprisingly quickly.   If your RV doesn't have automatic closet lighting you might be able to add it if you want.  You'll need an appropriate source of 12 volt power -- both hot and ground wires, a light fixture, and a switch.   The switch will be installed in the hot wire between the power source and the light.  The ground connects directly to the light fixture.  Use LED lights in closets whenever you can.  They draw significantly less current and will be less likely to run down your batteries if accidentally left on.

Divider doors.  Some RVs have divider doors to separate the bedroom from the rest of the coach. Sometimes these are "pocket doors" that slide into the wall.  Sometimes they are folding doors. Folding doors may get sticky over time and will need to be cleaned and lubricated.   I suggest a dry lubricant so you don't stain the door material or leave a residue that will collect dust.  The ceiling track on which the doors slide is often the culprit when the doors get sticky.   Clean the track thoroughly and apply a modest amount of dry lubricant.  Inspect the track for damage and loose screws.   Loose screws will interfere with the operation of the door and any bends or kinks or restrictions in the track will seriously inhibit movement.  You might be able to remove a damaged track and straighten and smooth it so it works better.   If that doesn't work, you may have to buy a new track.  You can sometimes find a suitable replacement at your local hardware or home center. Damaged pocket doors can be a real pain in the neck (or about 2' lower!).  If the door has come off its track and become jammed inside the wall, you will need to try to realign it enough to slide it open and attempt repairs . If the track inside the wall is loose or damaged, getting to it for repairs may be difficult or even impossible, depending on the design of surrounding walls.   With luck and patience -- and the right tools -- you might be able to make repairs through the opening for the door.  If that doesn't work you may have to open up the wall on at least one side of the door to fix it.   Take care not to damage the paneling so you can reinstall it after the door is fixed.  If your RV doesn't have divider doors and you need or want to separate spaces, you can probably add a folding door if there is sufficient support inside the walls and ceiling where you want to mount the door.  You might want extra dividers to separate front and rear sleeping areas or to just close off the bedroom for extra privacy and to retain heat in colder weather.  For a quick and easy alternative, install a curtain to provide additional privacy for the bedroom area.  I'd use a spring-loaded, expandable curtain rod long enough to reach across the hallway and hang full length drapes from ceiling to floor.  If you need to see out the rear window while driving, add one or more tie backs to hold the curtains open when they aren't needed.  I once replaced a damaged heavy accordion fold door on a bathroom with an ordinary curtain when the weight of the original door ripped the track out of the ceiling.

Some damage is the result of improper installation of hooks or other accessories on a door. Once this happens you need to remove the offending items and repair the door as best you can -- or replace it.  Then avoid a re-occurrence of the damage by avoiding improper installations.   Over-the-door hangers often allow way to much weight to be placed on the door, warping the door itself, bending hinges, or pulling out the screws.  These should be avoided.   If you need a place to hang coats etc, find a stud in the wall to attach a coat hook to.  If you attach hooks to the thin interior wallboard, remember that they will only be able to handle light loads and refrain from loading them down with heavy coats or using them as an anchor for a temporary closet rod.   Improperly installed towel racks, spice racks, or trash bag holders on the inside of a cabinet door are another fairly common problem.   Using screws that are too long can penetrate the outer surface of the door, creating an unsightly and potentially dangerous situation.  Measure the thickness BEFORE you install an such items and make sure your screws won't go all the way through.   Alignment of racks is also often misjudged.  A misaligned rack can 'tweak' the door, sometimes bending hinges or stripping screws, sometimes even cracking the door itself.   Make sure there is adequate clearance at the perimeters and inside the cabinet before installing any kind of racks on the inside or your doors.   Then don't pile stuff in the cabinet that will get in the way of the rack when the door closes and don't overload the rack with heavy or bulky items.

Many of these maintenance and repair tips apply just as well to exterior compartment doors.   In addition, you should check the weather seals regularly and replace any that are damaged.  Weatherstripping comes in many different sizes and patterns.  For best results try to match the original as closely as possible.  If you can't find a matching pattern, self-adhesive foam weatherstripping available at home centers and hardware stores can usually be easily cut to size and will, at the very least, be a great improvement over missing or damaged seals.

As always an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.   Routinely inspect all the cabinet, closet, bathroom, and divider doors in your RV.  Tighten any loose screws and replace worn or broken catches and hinges.   If the screws have stripped out the wood, insert a wooden matchstick or toothpicks to fill the hole.  Add a little wood glue to help keep them securely in place.  You can also buy repair kits that include wooden cones and an auger to clean out and repair damaged screw holes.  The hand held auger is used to ream out the hole, add a drop or two of glue, then tap a wooden cone in place.  Let the glue dry thoroughly before reinstalling the screw.  Lubricate hinges and door locks. Be gentle with your RV doors and teach your family and visitors to be gentle too.  RV doors are usually much more fragile than residential doors.  Travel inflicts a lot more vibration and torsion on cabinets and other doors than occurs in a fixed building, quickly aggravating and accelerating any damage that might be started by aggressive handling.  Wind is a common source of damage to exterior doors, so keep a good grip on the handle when opening them in windy conditions.

Keep 'em swinging!

Repairing/Maintaining Vintage RVs

If you own an older "vintage" or orphaned RV, you may have found it difficult to get some parts for it.  The good news is that many of the components and appliances in vintage RVs are commonly used in many makes, models, and years.   If you need parts for your furnace, water heater, or range, check the make and model of the appliance.  You can often still get parts for many older appliances through the manufacturer.   Likewise for mechanical problems with the drive train or chassis.   Some RVs have custom built chassis but most are built on a commercial truck or bus chassis.   Chevrolet P-30 chassis are fairly common on older Class A motorhomes.  So are Dodge and Ford chassis. Bigger luxury motorhomes may be built on heavy duty truck or bus chassis like Freightliner, White, or Gillig.   Drive train components (engine, transmission, differential, brakes) are usually "off-the-shelf" brands like Chevrolet, Dodge, Ford, Cummins, and Caterpillar (for engines and sometimes the entire drive train).  Allison transmissions are used in many brands of motorhomes and matched to many different engines.   Be sure to check with the appropriate service centers for your chassis and engine/transmission.

You may find it financially attractive to purchase an older RV that needs work, especially if you have the skills and tools to fix it.  Because there are so many late-model RVs at bargain prices, some older or damaged units may have to be really marked down in order to sell.  Renovating an older RV can be a challenging but rewarding experience.  There was an article in Motorhome magazine about a couple who restored a one-of-a-kind 1951 Prevost "Land Yacht".  It took a lot of time, money (about 9 times its original cost when new), effort, and patience.  As they said they "went through hell restoring it but the results are heavenly".   Know what you're getting into and be certain you have the resources (time, tools, training, and/or money and qualified technicians) to do the necessary work.  You don't want to dump a lot of time, effort, and money into something only to find out you can't finish it.  They spent nearly10 times the Prevost's original cost rebuilding it.

Appliances and mechanical parts are often standard across many brands and often across several years.   With that in mind you may be able find used parts from "donor" vehicles of about the same age as the one you're working on.  Because of the light use many RVs get, used appliances and running gear components may actually have gotten little use and yield many more years of good service if you have to replace yours.  You may find donor vehicles in junkyards or you may be able to buy one from a private party or as salvage from an insurance company.  If you are seeking to restore rather than repair or recondition your vehicle, seek one as close to the year, make, and model as you can find.  If you want to repair, recondition, renovate, or update your vehicle you might look for a newer model that may have upgraded appliances and features you can adapt.

Cosmetic parts for older machines are usually going to be harder to find than appliances or mechanical parts.  If you're really lucky you may find a seller who has some NOS (New Old Stock) parts.   Some distributors specialize in buying up and reselling obsolete inventory.  If you can't find the NOS items you need, you may have to settle for good used parts. Google "vintage RV parts" to find possible sources for both NOS and used RV parts.  There are several web sites and dealers who specialize in vintage trailer and RV parts.  Of course you can always try ebay and craigslist as well as search your local classified ads and local junk yards.  There are junk yards that specialize in RVs but you might find a few RVs in your regular junk yard.  I like to browse through the "pull it yourself" junk yards and see what they have.  I seldom find a particular RV part I need when I go looking for one, but I often find other items of interest to add to my own personal inventory for future projects.  I once picked up a furnace from a camper in a "Pick A Part" yard for $25!   It was perfect for my 1972 Journeyman Smuggler toyhauler.

Finding major body parts for older RVs could be a problem.  Manufacturers generally don't have parts for models more than 10 years old and finding usable parts in a junk yard may be difficult.  Fortunately, a lot of cosmetic damage can usually be repaired by a competent body shop.  Should you shatter the fiberglass "front cap" of an older motorhome, it may be impossible to repair or replace.  That's when having full insurance coverage could come in handy.  If it can't be repaired or the cost of repairs exceeds the "blue book" value, it would be declared a total loss and you'd be paid the book value so you could try to find a replacement.  Of course the book value doesn't take into consideration things like the thousands of dollars you may have invested, in, for example, a replacement engine or other upgrades.  And, if your vehicle is unique or somewhat rare, finding a replacement may be impossible.

Replacing or upgrading some components may be an option if you can't find matching parts. Appliances, plumbing fixtures, and holding tanks are the most common candidates for replacement. Getting an exact replacement may not be possible.  Designs and sizes change over the years.  Try to match the size and configuration as closely as possible.  Consider any gas, electrical, or plumbing connections or fresh air vents and try to get a new unit that can be easily adapted to the configuration of your RV.  In some cases you may have to modify cabinets, wiring, or plumbing in your RV to accommodate the new unit.  If your goal is an accurate restoration you will need to match original equipment and fixtures as closely as possible.  If you merely want to make the unit usable you can go with modern replacements that may be more efficient or more powerful that their original counterparts.

Exterior components on vintage RVs can be difficult to find replacements for.  Some units made use of lights, bumpers, grills, etc. from the chassis manufacturer and that helps.  But if you need to replace outdated exterior paneling, you'll be at the mercy of the NOS and used market.  Or you may have to resort to a bigger renovation than you had planned.  Sometimes it is possible to achieve satisfactory results by replacing and entire panel instead of patching it.  That may lead to replacing all the panels to get truly appealing results, so be cautious when using this approach.   I've seen several acceptable repairs done by installing a common household furnace vent over the damaged area and painted to match the RV to disguise the unsightly tear in a damaged exterior panel.  Taillights for older units can be hard to find, but, unless you are doing an authentic restoration, you can often replace them with modern units and gain the benefits of LED lights.  Match them as closely as possible to the originals so they cover the site of the old installation for the best cosmetic repair.

Custom manufacturing of replacement parts will probably be cost-prohibitive for most people but is sometimes a possibility.  Sometimes damaged fiberglass parts, like front or rear end caps, shower pans, and bath tubs, can be custom made when OEM replacements are not available.   Unless the supplier already has jigs or molds for your particular make and model, expect to pay the cost of building them in addition to the cost of making your parts.  That is one reason custom made replacements are so expensive.   Metal parts can sometimes be recreated by your local machine shop. Here again, expect to pay premium prices for custom work.  Although custom made replacements can be expensive, they might allow you to salvage a vintage RV that otherwise you'd have to scrap. Consider the over all repair costs versus writing off the RV and buying another one.   If you particularly like your vintage RV or it has some valuable history, it may be worth investing in custom made replacement parts.   There are companies that can fabricate entire front and rear fiberglass caps.  If you don't find it feasible or attractive to make the repairs, consider selling it as a donor vehicle to someone else with a similar unit who may be able to salvage some parts of your rig.

Decals, emblems and stripes are often the first things to deteriorate on older RVs and finding OEM replacements may be difficult if not impossible.  Straight stripes can often be rejuvenated using vinyl striping tape available in a wide variety of widths and colors.   Graphic images will be tougher to find but you might be able to have them custom made at a sign shop if you can come up with a digital photo of what it should look like.  I've heard of people who cast their own aluminum letters to replace missing parts of the name plate on a classic RV but that is beyond the scope of what most of us can do without professional help.   Standard striping tape is fairly inexpensive.   Custom made decals are going to cost a bit more and getting custom made graphics to replace the giant swirls on some RVs is going to be quite expensive.  An alternative is to hand paint the damage stripes and graphics -- if you have the talent for that.    If you are going for a restoration you'll want to match everything as close as possible but for repairs or just a renovation to improve looks you can choose paint and/or graphics to meet your personal taste.  When I needed some striping tape for a restoration project I was able to find an exact match in color and width readily available from a graphic/sign company at a reasonable price.  A proprietary brand decal was badly faded on one side of the RV but the one on the other side was in pretty good shape.  I was able to take a digital photo of good one and have a sign shop create a new one to replace the damaged one on the other side.  You might be able to find a rig similar to yours from which you could get photos of hard to find decals and have them custom made.  When the lettering for the brand name was badly cracked and faded on an older motorhome my wife hand painted it to restore its original appearance.   We bought a can of spray paint in a color as close to the original as possible.   Then she sprayed a little paint into the cap and used water color brushes to paint over the cracked and faded letters.

Tin Can Tourists is a nationwide organization of vintage RV fans.  If you have a vintage RV or an interest in vintage RVs, they are a good place to find people with like interests and get advice on the care and feeding of your vintage RV.  Their web site includes photo galleries, classified ads, and forums where you can post questions or share information.  Restoration implies using OEM or equivalent parts and making your rig as close to its original factory condition as possible.   Repair means fixing things so your vehicle is usable and attractive and exact matches are not as important as they are in restoration.  Why would you want to invest in restoration instead of simple repair?  Well, if you have a unique vehicle, restoration will help maintain resale value if you are decide to sell it.   If you plan to keep the vehicle and use it and your goal is usability, simple, attractive repairs or replacements are acceptable -- and often less expensive.  For example, replacing OEM tail lights and clearance markers can be difficult or even impossible to find for some older units but you can obtain current lights at reasonable prices.  If the new fixtures are smaller than the originals you may need to buff out or repaint the area around the fixture to eliminate the "shadow" of the original fixture for a good looking installation.  If you have to replace fixtures, try to match the original size and shape as closely as possible.  You won't have to worry too much about the "shadow" if you're planning to repaint the unit.

If you have a particularly unique RV, you may want to keep an eye out for backup vehicles to serve as spare parts donors for yours.   If you're lucky, you may find candidates that are being retired but still have usable parts on them.   One such motorhome that comes to mind is the Corvair Ultravan.  These are unique Corvair powered motorhomes.  Only a limited number of them were made (about 400) and often anyone who has one (it is estimated about 100 of them are still on the road) intends to restore it so you might have trouble talking the owner out of one.  Airstream trailers have been popular forever and there is a large following of vintage Airstream owners.   Sometimes you can hook up with an RV club for your brand.  These clubs are often a good source for parts and technical tips.  If you're in the market for a donor vehicle, make sure you research availability.  You may need to be prepared to act quickly and decisively if/when a candidate comes on the market.  If you can't find a matching vehicle, you may be able to locate vehicles from the same era that have compatible appliances and other useable components.   It may not be possible to find an exact match to use for a donor vehicle but you can often salvage appliances and some other vintage parts from just about any RV from the same period.  Appliances within a year or two either way are usually pretty good matches.

Routine maintenance is particularly important on older vehicles.   You want to catch any needed repairs as quickly as possible to minimize the extent of the damage and the difficulty and expense of fixing them.  Do lube and oil changes religiously.  You might want to consider using one of the special engine oils designed for older vehicles.  Check frequently for any signs of water intrusion and re-seal the offending opening as quickly as possible.   Keep appliances clean and properly adjusted. The sooner you can find and fix any problems, the less likely they are to get worse and more costly.

Fix it up!

Installing a Holding Tank Flush System

A holding tank flush system makes rinsing your holding tanks a whole lot easier and more sanitary than other methods.   Old style methods include back flushing clean water through the dump hose, inserting a wand down the toilet to flush the black water tank, and back-flushing devices that are built in to special dump hose connectors.  Each of these methods often exposes you to unpleasant and unsanitary back spray and there is no way to tell how well the tanks are being cleaned on the inside.  Short of completely refilling your holding tank with clean water, none of the methods mentioned will rinse the whole inside of your holding tanks.  Flush systems are designed to spray the entire inside of the tank and, when properly installed, have no back-splash or even leakage of clean water.

Many late model RVs have flush systems already installed as standard equipment.   If you have an older RV or any RV that does not, they can usually be installed fairly easily.  If your RV has enclosed holding tanks, the installation will be a little more difficult but is still usually possible. Sometimes you may have difficulty finding room for the fittings or for the tools needed to install them.  Once installed you need only connect the male end of a garden hose to the female flush fitting on the side of the RV to send a cleansing spray into your holding tanks.   Continue flushing until the water running from the dump hose is clear.  The black water tank is the most important place for a flush system but using one on the gray water tank will help minimize the possibility of odors from left over food deposits from the kitchen sink.

For many years I used a wand inserted through the toilet to flush my black water tank.  This method is fairly effective and the wands are not expensive.  The biggest drawback I found was if my aim was off I'd get nasty splash back up in the face!  Wands have a directed stream to hydraulically scrub the inside of the tank.  If you don't get the wand far enough down inside the toilet before turning it on it splashes back up at you with surprising force.  Always have a  shutoff where the hose connects to the wand so you can turn it off to bring it in and out of the RV and turn it on once you've inserted it deep down in the toilet.   Flushing systems are installed in the side of the tank with wide-angle spray heads that are intended to shower the entire inside of the tank to flush away residue and debris without any back splash on the user.  They operate inside the tank with the toilet valve closed so there is no back spray anywhere.

If you want to install a flush system on your RV, you need to do a little planning even before you purchase the installation kit.   Inspect the holding tanks to be sure there is access to make the installation.  Consider not only whether there is a spot on the tank to install the nozzle, but whether there is room for the plumbing and for the tools necessary to install it.  You need room to drill 1" inch holes in each tank (plus pilot holes for the mounting screws) and to run the hoses from the nozzles to a convenience location on the side of your RV where you will install the connector.  The connector is the same kind that is used for your city water hook up: a female hose connector in a recessed mounting.   It is a good idea to label the flush system so someone doesn't accidentally connect your fresh water hose to it.   Measure the distance from where you are going to install the nozzles to where you will install the connectors so you know how much hose you will need.   I usually buy a 25' length of 5/8 garden hose plus male and female connectors.  That way I can make hoses to connect to the gray and black water tanks.   I like to use a "Y" with shut offs between the outside connector and the holding tanks so I can flush each one separately from the same connection.   With that in mind, you may need two sets of male and female connectors so you can make up three hoses:  one from the outside connector to the "Y", one from the "Y" to the gray water tank, and one from "Y" to the black water tank.   The outside connector should be installed near the dump valves where it will be convenient for you to use.  If your dump valves are in a cabinet, install the hoses so the "Y" connector is accessible in the cabinet.  If your valves simply hang down under your RV, run the hoses so the "Y" connector is near the dump valves and convenient for you to reach when switching from one tank to the other when dumping.   If access is difficult you may want to take your RV to a qualified RV technician for installation.  They may have tricks and tools to make it work.  Enclosed tanks may required removal of access panels or body parts to facilitate installation and that is often best left to experienced professionals.  If there isn't anyplace to install a "Y" where you can access it you may have to install separate female connectors for each tank.

Your installation kit will come with easy, detailed instructions.  Follow the instructions carefully for proper installation.   You will need to drill a hole about 1" in diameter in about the middle of each tank.  Center it top to bottom and end to end, preferably in the long side.  The nozzle will be inserted in the hole and is usually attached with 3 self-tapping screws.   You may be advised to drill pilot holes for the screws.   Make sure to install any required gaskets and use appropriate sealant to ensure a leak-free installation.  The fittings on the nozzle are usually ordinary hose fittings.   You may have to add one on the back side of the inlet.  You will need to drill a hole in the side of your RV to install the water inlet.  Make sure there is enough room behind the wall to attach the hose.   Sometimes it may be more convenient to install the inlet in the rear instead of a side wall.  The flange can be attached with self-tapping screws or pop-rivets.  You should use some of the same butyl tape (some times called "dum dum tape) that is used to install windows and vents to seal the flange to the RV body. some folks like to use silicone for an additional seal around the fitting, but if the butyl tape and the fitting are properly installed it shouldn't be necessary.  If you can position the lines from the inlet to the tanks so that you can install a "Y" connector with shutoffs to direct the flow from one tank to the other you will need only one inlet.   If you can't find a place where you can reach the shutoffs, you can either just run water into both tanks at once after dumping them or install separate inlets so you can rinse each tank individually.  Without access to the shutoffs you will want to dump both tanks completely, then close the gray water valve while flushing the black water tank, then close the black water valve and flush the gray water tank.   Don't flush the gray water tank TOO long or you will have a lot of water in the black water tank.   Since it is often suggested you should put about 1" of water in the black water tank when adding chemicals, letting some water accumulate while flushing the gray water tank is acceptable and perhaps even desirable.  However, anytime both valves are open at the same time on a system with one dump port, there is a chance of cross contamination --  you could end up with residual sewage from the black water tank in the gray water tank.  Definitely not a good thing!

Once everything is hooked up you're ready for easy, sanitary rinsing of your holding tanks. Connect a garden hose from a faucet to the flush inlet.  Do NOT use your potable water hose!   Make sure the on/off settings on your "Y" connector are set properly to direct water to the tank you are going to dump and flush.  Turn on the faucet and open the dump valve.  Allow the tank to drain until clear water flows from the dump hose.  Then switch to the second tank and repeat.  When you're all done, turn off the faucet and disconnect the hose.  Don't run the flush system with the valves closed or you will risk pressurizing the tank and damaging the plumbing or forcing sewage back up into the unit.

What if there isn't room or access to install a holding tank flush system?   In the first place, you can always resort to flushing the black water tank using a wand connected to a garden hose and inserted through the toilet.   Another fairly inexpensive and easy solution is to purchase a back flush adapter.   This is a connector that installs between your dump valve and dump hose and allows you to connect a garden hose to back flush the holding tanks.  They are usually made of clear plastic so you can monitor the flow as your tanks are dumped and rinsed.  These can be used to back flush both the gray water and black water tanks.  They should come with an anti-siphon valve to install on the garden hose to avoid any chance of getting sewage into fresh water system.  They won't deliver the powerful rinsing that directly plumbed internal flushing systems will, but they generally provide enough flushing to clean tanks and prevent odors.  They usually have a control valve attached to the hose connection that lets you direct the spray alternately back into the tank or down into the hose for final rinsing.

Pleasant flushing!

Extended Living In Your RV

So, how does "living in your RV" differ from just camping in it? We soon learned there ARE differences between a weekend or vacation outing and "living" in it full time when we spent a summer working at a resort and living in our motorhome and again when we lived in our RV for 6 months between when we sold our home and closed escrow on a replacement.  When you're on a short-term outing you can often let things go and catch up on them when you get home.  Things like laundry, dishes, and routine housekeeping can be and often are put off for a while without TOO much impact on a short trip.   Of course you should keep up with those things when you're camping too, but they become more critical when you're living in your RV for an extended period of time.   On camping trips you can usually just toss your laundry into a bag to be done when you get home.  When you're living in your RV for a longer period of time, you'll need to find a way to clean your clothes.  Meals are another issue that requires special attention when you're living in your RV for an extended period of time.   You have to work out a blend of camping and home menus and shopping plans.  Lacking the storage space you have it home, you can't hit Costco and stock up on things like you might at home. Getting the right balance of how much to buy depends on your personal tastes and consumption habits together with access to shopping and available storage.  If its a long way to the store you'll want to stock up to avoid excess driving if you have room for supplies.

There is a whole sub-culture of "full-timers", folks who live in their RVs year round.  There are also work campers who may live in theirs for a season or two while working at a campground.   My wife and I spent most of one summer working at an ATV resort in southern Utah and living in our 1986 Holiday Rambler Imperial Limited 38.  We soon learned there ARE differences between a weekend or vacation outing and living in your RV.  Living in your RV means adapting both camping and residential lifestyles to be successful and comfortable.

There are plenty of "Full Timer" seminars offered by RV clubs and industry organizations. Some community colleges also offer courses.   I won't attempt to cover everything you would learn in these courses in this blog.   If you are planning to go "Full Timing", take advantage of one or more commercial courses to learn how to adequately prepare for your new lifestyle.   The decision to become a full-timer is a significant one and you'll want to explore ALL the ramifications, from what to do with your belongings, to mail, banking, and health services while on the road.

Our vintage motorhome is equipped with a stacked washer and dryer, but due to infrequent use during previous years, neither was working satisfactorily during our summer work time.  The faucet that supplied hot water had frozen during the previous Utah winter (due to, I admit it, my failure to properly winterize the supply lines to the washing machine).  I was unable to locate suitable replacement parts at the local hardware store.  Fortunately I could still shut the faucet off and continue to use the rest of the fresh water system.   The dryer ran, but due to years of disuse, the rollers were flattened and it sounded like it was filled with tennis shoes whenever it was turned on.  If you are planning to live in your RV and take advantage of all its facilities, be sure to test everything BEFORE you leave home.   I hadn't planned on using the washer and dryer so I had not checked them out before I left, but once I was there I found reasons to want to use them (like when my work clothes got soaked in the rain) -- and was disappointed when I discovered the problems and by then replacement parts were not readily available anywhere near the resort.  I've read recommendations by RV technicians that you run the washer and dryer about once a month, even if your RV is in storage, to keep them working properly.  Extended periods of non-use result in premature and often expensive failures of both units.

Living in your RV for an extended time will be different than spending a weekend or even a summer vacation in one.  When you're on any kind of short term outing, you will have a tendency to let things go and take care of them when you get home.  Laundry and extra dirty dishes usually top the list of things brought home to be handled later.  This won't be an option during extended stays.  If you don't have laundry facilities in your RV you will need to seek alternatives: coin op laundromats, campground laundries, or, if its in your budget, you might be able to have a dry cleaners pick up and deliver your laundry.  RV laundry options range from simple, hand operated washers anyone can use just about ayplace to full service washers and dryers or washer/dryer combinations in large luxury motorhomes and trailers.  Combos take up less room in your RV but they are more complicated than separate washers and dryers and may be more subject to breakdowns and more expensive to purchase and to maintain.  However, current combos have been engineered for long life on the road, so if you have room for one, go for it.  Another consideration is using a combo means you have to finish one load completely -- washing and drying -- before you can start the next load whereas separate units allow concurrent washing and drying.   There is probably room for a manual washer in even the smallest RV or when tent camping.  These are small, enclosed tubs with internal agitators into which you put your dirty clothes, water, and detergent and then manually operate them to clean the items.  Or you can just use a 5 gallon bucket and a sink plunger.  You will need a clothes line and sunny weather to dry your clothes -- and plenty of muscle to operate the washer but it beats pounding your clothes on a rock!   Of course you can always wash your clothes in the kitchen sink or in an old fashioned washtub.   One way to minimize laundry is by carefully choosing your wardrobe before you leave home. Pick easy to clean wash-and-wear items. Light colored clothing is more difficult to keep looking good, so, unless you are in the tropics where light clothing is essential for comfort (and fashion), choose darker colors that won't stain easily.  Cleaning those extra dirty dishes is mostly a matter of committing yourself to keep up with things instead of putting them off until you get home.  You probably have -- or should have -- everything you need on board to thoroughly clean pots and pans as efficiently and easily as you can at home.   Its just harder to give up your vacation time for routine tasks.  An outside clothes line or one in your shower can be used for more than laundry.  It is a good place to hang out wet clothing and towels or a place to refresh lightly used clothing to prolong usable time between washings.   Minimizing washings is said to extend the life of clothing as well as conserving time and resources.

Limited cupboard and refrigerator space will dictate changes in your eating and shopping habits.  You may need to plan for more frequent trips to the grocery store or modify your menus to take advantage of easy to store food stuffs.  If your budget can handle it, you might eat out more often than you do at home.  You will probably want to plan simple meals that are easy to fix and easy to clean up after.  Cooking and baking can contribute to the heat buildup in your RV on hot days.  For comfort and reduced A/C operating expense avoid using the range and oven when you can.  Use your microwave (if you have one).  If you do have to use the range or oven, make sure the vent is open and functional.  Open a roof vent to allow hot air to escape.   For improved ventilation and more efficient heat removal, open a window on the shady side of your RV.  A powered roof vent will also improve comfort and cooling efficiency.  You can add an after-market fan to most 14" RV roof vents.  Powered roof vents like the Fantastic brand vents fit the same opening as a standard roof vent and are far more effective.  They usually allow running the fan either direction so you can expel hot air or draw in cool air.  Some include thermostats that will shut them off when the temperature drops to a selected setting.  Advanced options include automatic raising and lowering and rain sensors to close them when it rains.  Add-on after market fans are usually only 5-6" in diameter.  Fantastic brand fans are 10-12" in diameter, providing significantly more air movement and better performance.

Routine activities, like watching TV, using your computer, or even sleeping, may require some adjustments.  You may need to reduce the volume on your TV or stereo in a campground where it would disturb other campers.  If you don't have shore power you will need to adjust your schedule to avoid running your generator during quiet hours pr use an inverter to get 120volts from your 12volt house batteries.  You may have to wean yourself from those late night infomercials!  It may take you a few days to adjust to sleeping in your RV bed.  Even if it is a very good bed, it is different than the one at home.  Bring along your favorite blankets and pillows to make it as familiar and comfortable as possible. Y ou will probably experience unfamiliar sounds in the campground. Sometimes some "white noise" will make it easier to get to sleep and stay asleep. There are electronic sound devices that produce white noise or play soothing sounds -- like rain, wind, or ocean noises.  Or you can just turn on a fan.   Once again, if you don't have shore power, these will need to be 12-volt or battery powered devices unless you have a good inverter and a massive battery bank.

Your bathing habits may also be impacted by limited facilities.  Limited water supply and holding tank capacity can obviously limit your bathing opportunities when dry camping but the limited space and hot water capacity may reduce the frequency even when using full hookups.  You may have to stagger bath/showers for multiple occupants to avoid running out of hot water.  You can use "cat baths" between full showers to maintain personal comfort and cleanliness.  A "cat bath" requires only a basin or dishpan of warm water instead of several gallons.   And be sure to you learn to take "Navy" showers -- don't leave the water running when you're not actively using it to wet your body or rinse off the soap.   Many RV shower heads have shut-off valves that allow you to stop the flow without altering the temperature adjustment.   They can usually be easily added to those that don't.

Housekeeping during an extended stay might be more like being at home than when you're on a weekend outing.  Sometimes we tend to leave cleaning during weekend outings or vacations to when we get home . Personally, I think that is a bad idea. It is far better to keep up with things as you go. This is especially true for any extended trips.   Setting a regular routine will greatly simplify cleaning and save time and effort.  Even if activities occasionally interfere with your schedule, having a regular schedule will ensure things get caught up eventually and will prevent the accumulation of work that develops when things are simply ignored.  If your dusting or vacuuming gets put off a day or so, it is no big deal.  Just don't let missing a task become an excuse for letting it go again and again. Don't let it become a habit.  Get back on track as soon as you can!

Your RV can be your disaster recovery vehicle.  In case of an emergency that makes your home uninhabitable for a while, you can stay in your RV for a time.   Even if you only expect to be in your RV for a few days, think of it as an extended or long-term situation and adjust your lifestyle accordingly, as described above.  The thing about emergency situations is they are most often unpredictable.   Should your stay be longer than you expect, it will be more comfortable if you have prepared yourself (mentally and physically) for the long term.   If you start out treating it as a short term thing you may find yourself overwhelmed by undone tasks if/when it turns into a longer stay.

Personal interactions and relationships are affected if you have more than one person living in an RV for an extended time.  Getting along with someone else in such close quarters is usually not a problem on weekend trips.  Often your time is filled with outside activities so you don't spend THAT much time locked up in a small habitat.  When you are living in your RV for an extended period of time, say work camping or full timing, you soon discover that you are in close proximity to your companions nearly 24/7.  If you or they have any personal habits that are annoying, they are going to be magnified.   The best solution I have found is to do your best to simply relax, be polite and helpful, and make the best of the situation.  For some people a stint at work camping can be a second honeymoon.   Enjoy it!

Live it up!